BBC / أصبح حسن القنطار معروفاً في جميع أنحاء العالم باسم “رجل المطار”، بعد إقامته لعدة أشهر في مطار كوالالمبور الدولي، كان خلالها يوثق حياته هناك ويشاركها عبر الانترنت في وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي.
وحصل القنطار على حق اللجوء في كندا العام الماضي، ويأمل الآن في مساعدة 200 من اللاجئين المحتجزين في جزيرتي مانوس وناورو الذين أصبحوا في طي النسيان، لإعادة توطينهم في كندا.
أصبح حسن القنطار (38 عاماً) ملماً بقضية طالبي اللجوء في جزيرتي مانوس وناورو ، أثناء بقائه في مطار كوالالمبور بماليزيا، عن طريق وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي، ومراسلات اللاجئين المحتجزين في الجزيرتين إليه الذين شرحوا له أوضاعهم هناك.
وفي ذلك الوقت، كان القنطار يوثق محنته الخاصة عبر الإنترنت بعد أن علق في المطار لشهور في عام 2018، بعد خروجه من بلاده في أعقاب الحرب السورية التي اندلعت منذ عام 2011.
والآن، وبعد حصوله على حق اللجوء والاستقرار في كندا، أصبح مدافعاً عن القضايا المتعلقة باللاجئين لإعادة توطينهم في كندا.
ALAMY ظل حسن القنطار عالقاً في مطار كوالالمبور لعدة أشهر قبل منح كندا حق اللجوء له
ويعمل القنطار مع منظمتين كنديتين خيريتين، هما جمعية الرعاية الكندية وجمعية موزاييك، وكلاهما تعملان في مجال رعاية وإعادة توطين اللاجئين من جزيرتي مانوس وناورو في بابوا غينيا الجديدة بأستراليا، ومساعدتهم في الوصول إلى كندا.
SOCIAL MEDIA-TWITTER متظاهرون أستراليون يطالبون السلطات بإغلاق سجن جزيرة مانوس التي يحتجز فيها اللاجئون
وقد وافق مجلس اللاجئين الأسترالي ومنظمة العفو الدولية على هذه المساعي الجديدة التي اندرجت في عملية أطلق عليها اسم “اللامنسيون”.
وقال القنطار لبي بي سي من منزله في كولومبيا البريطانية في كندا: “نحاول منح الأمل لليائسين”.
وتقوم أستراليا منذ عام 2012، بإرسال طالبي اللجوء الذين يصلون إليها بالقوارب، إلى جزيرتي مانوس وناورو ، من أجل الحد من أعداد الوافدين إليها، وهذه السياسة تثير جدلاً واسعاً منذ سنوات ليس فقط داخل أستراليا بل خارجها أيضاً.
ولم تسمح أستراليا لأولئك الوافدين إليها بالعيش والاستقرار فيها ولا حتى لأولئك الذين ثبت أنهم حقاً لاجئين.
اقرأ أيضاً:
- حسن القنطار علق في مطار كوالالمبور لأكثر من 108 أيام
- لاجئ كردي كتب رواية عبر واتس آب من جزيرة مانوس يفوز بأرفع جائزة أسترالية
GETTY IMAGE غرفة متهالكة عاش فيها اللاجئون المحاصرون في مانوس النائية في بابوا غينيا الجديدة، بأستراليا، ويبقى المستقبل مجهولاً بالنسبة إليهم في ظل خيبات أمل متكررة منذ سنوات.
“لاجئون في طي النسيان”
وتبرر أستراليا هذه السياسة تجاه اللاجئين، والتي يؤيدها الحزبان الرئيسيان في أستراليا على أنها إنسانية لأنها تمنع الاتجار بالبشر وحدوث الوفيات في البحر.
لكن الأمم المتحدة وآخرين يقولون إن طالبي اللجوء في تلك الجزر، عانوا معظم الأحيان من انتهاكات حقوق الإنسان، بما في ذلك الاعتداءات الجنسية والجسدية.
وحذر الأطباء من أزمات الصحة العقلية بشكل متزايد .
ورغم أن طالبي اللجوء هناك لا يعدون رهن الاحتجاز رسمياً، إلا أنهم أصبحوا في طي النسيان إلى أجل غير مسمى في مراكز يطلق عليها اسم “مراكز العبور” والتي وفقاً لخبراء، ارتفعت فيها مستويات إيذاء النفس.
وأعيد توطين بعض اللاجئين في الولايات المتحدة بموجب اتفاق لمرة واحدة.
لكن، ما يقرب الـ 800 شخص لا يزالون في تلك الجزر بحسب منظمة هيومن رايتس ووتش، ومعظمهم محتجزين هناك منذ عام 2013.
وتستمر أستراليا برفض عرض قائم من نيوزيلندا لاستقبال 150 لاجئٍ، بحجة أن قبولها بذلك سيفتح “باباً خلفياً” للهجرة إلى أستراليا.
GETTY IMAGES مركز احتجاز اللاجئين في جزيرة مانوس حيث المصير المجهول إلى أجل غير مسمى
خيبة أمل
كان القنطار منزعجاً للغاية من هذا الوضع وتحدث عن ذلك إلى لوري كوبر، وهي متطوعة في جمعية رعاية كندية، والتي كان لها دور فعال في مساعدته للوصول إلى كندا.
وقالت لبي بي سي إنها كانت تحكي لابنتها في إحدى الليالي عن “الوضع اليائس” لأولئك اللاجئين في جزيرة مانوس وناورو في مايو/أيار الماضي.
وكان ذلك عقب الانتخابات العامة الأسترالية مباشرة، التي كانت بمثابة أمل للاجئين الذين اعتقدوا بأن الحكومة الجديدة قد تساعدهم في تغير وضعهم للأفضل، لكن الحكومة التي كانت في السلطة سابقا، فازت مرة أخرى. وكانت هناك عدة محاولات للانتحار من قبل بعض طالبي اللجوء في أعقاب الأخبار.
وقالت كوبر لابنتها في تلك الليلة: “يا إلهي، يجب أن نتكفل جميع أولئك الرجال”، وتقصد بهم اللاجئين في الجزيرتين.
وعندما استيقظت في صباح اليوم التالي، أدركت أن فكرتها جيدة، ووافقها على ذلك حسن القنطار أيضاً.
وتضيف كوبر: “لقد أطلق على هؤلاء الرجال تسمية (رجال مانوس المنسيين) ، ولم يتمكن أي شخص من إيجاد طريقة لمساعدتهم ، وخطر لي أنه بسبب برنامج الرعاية الخاص المميز الذي قمنا به في كندا، فإنه بإمكاننا إيجاد طريقة لمساعدتهم لو استطعنا جمع المال الكافي”.
AFP:GETTY IMAGES أثار احتجاز أستراليا لطالبي اللجوء في جزيرة مانوس الكثير من الانتقادات.
برامج رعاية كندية خاصة
ومنذ سبعينيات القرن الماضي ، سمحت كندا للمواطنين من القطاع الخاص، إلى جانب مجموعات الرعاية المعتمدة، بإطلاق برامج رعاية اللاجئين مباشرة من خلال تزويد القادمين الجدد بالاحتياجات المادية الأساسية مثل الغذاء والملابس والسكن ودعم برامج الاندماج في المجتمع الكندي.
وستقوم المنظمات التي تدعم عملية “لا منسيون” بجمع الأموال لرعاية ودعم اللاجئين في عامهم الأول في كندا ، وستقوم بتدريب فرق تسوية المتطوعين لتقديم الدعم اللازم لهم عند وصولهم.
وبموجب إرشادات الرعاية الكندية، يجب جمع ما يقرب 12500 دولار أمريكي من أجل رعاية كل لاجئ وتسوية أموره لمدة عام كامل. وهذا يعني أنه يتوجب على المجموعات جمع ما يقرب 3.3 مليون دولار كندي من أجل 200 لاجئ سنوياً.
واستطاع المواطنون الأستراليون الذين يدعمون هذا الجهد جمع أكثر من 100 ألف دولار كندي حالياً.
ويقول القنطار: “لم نطلق هذه العملية للضغط على الحكومة الأسترالية أو إحراجها، فهذا ليس هدفنا، بل نعرض مبادرتنا بودية ونشجعهم على فعل الخطوة الصحيحة”.
“بريق أمل”
وقد طلبت تلك المنظمات الكندية من اللاجئين تسجيل أسماءهم لديها إذا كانوا يرغبون في توطينهم في كندا. وفعل ذلك أكثر من 200 لاجئ.
وتخطط المجموعة للتركيز أولاً على من لا يحق لهم حالياً إعادة التوطين في أي مكان آخر في العالم وليس لديهم بدائل أخرى.
وسيبدأون في تقديم الطلبات فور وصول الأموال من المتبرعين، وقد يستغرق الأمر إلى ما يصل العامين من بداية تسجيل أسمائهم وحتى إتمام عملية إعادة توطينهم فعلياً.
لكن كوبر تقول إنها قد تطلب من الحكومة الكندية الإسراع في إجراءات هذه القضايا.
واللاجئون المعنيون هم من دول مثل إيران وميانمار وأفغانستان وسريلانكا وباكستان والعراق، وبعضهم لا توجد لديهم جنسية أو دولة محددة.
ويقول القنطار إنه يعرف من تجربته الشخصية ما يعنيه العيش في غياهب النسيان، ويريد من اللاجئين أن يتمسكوا بالأمل ومستقبل أفضل، “أطلب منهم أن يثبتوا العزيمة ويحافظوا على إيمانهم وثقتهم بنا، إنهم ليسوا منسيين، هذا أمر مؤكد”.
المزيد عن :اللاجئون وطالبو اللجوء/منظمة هيومان رايتس ووتش/سوريا/حقوق الانسان/التعذيب/اللاجئون السوريون
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