الكاتب الشاب ستيفان ماركلي يروي أحوال التزعزع بعد حادثة 11 سبتمبر
اندبندنت عربية / كاتيا الطويل @katiatawil
أن تبدأ رواية بمراسم دفن وبعلم أميركي يطير بنجومه وألوان الأبيض والأزرق والأحمر، ويعجز الجمع بأسره من أطفال ورجال شرطة وشباب عن التقاطه، فهو مشهد روائي سوداوي رهيب يبشر برواية لا تقل سوداوية وضياعاً وأبعاداً إنسانية ووطنية قاتمة. هكذا اختار الكاتب الأميركي الشاب ستيفان ماركلي أن يبدأ روايته “أوهايو” التي حاز بفضلها الجائزة الكبرى للأدب الأميركي الممنوحة في كل عام في فرنسا لعمل أميركي مترجم إلى الفرنسية. وتألفت لجنة تحكيم هذه الجائزة التي مُنحت للمرة الأولى العام 2015 من تسعة أعضاء من بينهم ثلاثة نقاد أدبيين، وثلاثة ناشرين، وثلاثة من أصحاب المكتبات، اتّفقوا جميعهم هذا العام على منح ماركلي الجائزة “لأن عمله الروائي يحبس الأنفاس حتى النهاية، ويمتلك خصائص رواية تنتمي إلى الأدب الخالد. فرواية “أوهايو” هي رواية تخفي خلف الدموع والدماء إيماناً دفيناً بالحب والقدرة على التأقلم”.
لم يكن فوز ماركلي متوقعاً، فقد نال الجائزة الكبرى هذه عن روايته الأولى “أوهايو” المترجمة إلى الفرنسية عن دار ألبان ميشال (Stephan Markley, Ohio, Albin Michel, 2020)، هو الذي قال في إحدى المقابلات المجراة معه عندما سُئل عن قارئه، إنه سعيد لمجرد أن أي أحد سوى والدته قرأ نصه.
شخصيات متزعزعة
يستقبل الأهالي الشاب ريك العائد في كفن هو الجندي الذي أراد الدفاع عن وطنه فتوجه إلى العراق وعاد ليفتح جروح جيل بأكمله، جيل 11 أيلول/ سبتمبر المهشم والممزق بين حروب وصراعات دولية ووطنية واجتماعية ونفسية.
الرواية الاميركية (دار ألبان ميشال)
يتوسع السرد ويتوقف عند قصص أربعة أصدقاء قدامى التقوا بعد سنوات الدراسة في منطقة New Canaan, Ohio، حيث يشرعون بتبادل الأخبار والمفاجآت ويكتشفون أن كلاً منهم خسر أحلامه وطموحاته ومعتقداته التي كان متمسّكاً بها في سنوات المراهقة.
يكتب ماركلي الولايات المتحدة الحقيقية اليوم، بأخبارها الداخلية والأحكام المسبقة السائدة بين أهلها، وخسارات الجيل الثلاثيني الشاب. ويتوقف على وجه الخصوص عند بيض أميركا المتشددين والتقليديين بانتماءاتهم الدينية والوطنية والاجتماعية، فما زالت العنصرية متجذرة ضد السود والمثليين وغيرهم من الذين يختلفون عن أهالي تلك الناحية من الشمال الشرقي المحافظ. فأوهايو، عنوان الرواية، ولاية في منطقة غرب الوسط، تظهر بمظهر السجن الكبير الذي يطبق على أهله، كما ينسجها الروائي، فهذا المكان الجغرافي حافل بمشاكل العنف الجسدي والنفسي والمخدرات، مكان يصِمُ أبناءه ويرافقهم أينما رحلوا ليعودوا إما مكفنين أو مهشمين.
“أوهايو” رواية ماركلي الأولى، تربو على الخمسمئة صفحة وتنقل القضايا والهموم التي يعاني منها شباب الولايات المتحدة الأميركية وبخاصة بعد 11 سبتمبر 2001. وتتوّقف أيضاً عند الأزمة الاقتصادية التي ضربت البلاد العام 2008 وتُظهر أثرها في شخصيات صارت تمثل جيلاً بأكمله عبر مشاكلها وصراعاتها وخساراتها، لتتحول الولاية كما يُظهرها السرد، ومعها الولايات الأميركية، إلى مكان جغرافي ينهش لحم أبنائه وأحلامهم، على عكس ما قد يتوقعه العالم بأسره.
المزيد عن: حادثة 11 سبتمبر/واقعية/جيل الشباب/أدب جديد/جائزة أدبية
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