احتفت مجلة “نيتشر” العلمية الشهيرة عبر دوريتها الأقدم “مجلة السرطان الإنجليزية”بهذا الإنجاز وخصصت له عددا خاصا يسرد تفاصيله صدر في يوم 19 يناير الجاري.
هشام المياني – القاهرة – سكاي نيوز عربية
نجح عالم مصري شاب في التوصل إلى اكتشاف يمثل نقلة نوعية في مواجهة مرض السرطان، الذي يتطور في كثير من الأحيان دون اكتشاف مبكر.
وتوصل العالم كيرلس شهدي إلى أن أورام السرطان تفرز مادة وراثية سائلة في دم المريض ومن خلال تلك المادة وتحليلها يمكن الحصول على ملايين المعلومات عن تطورات المرض.
ومن خلال ذلك أيضا، يمكن وضع خطط العلاج للورم السرطاني وتحديد مدى استجابته للعلاج من عدمه، فضلا عن إراحة من المرضى من شقاء العمليات الجراحية لأخذ العينات الصلبة من الأورام واستبدال ذلك بالعينة السائلة التي اكتشفها العالم المصري.
شهدي، المدرس المساعد بكلية طب جامعة القاهرة، وقد حقق هذا الاكتشاف عبر قيادته لفريق بحثي ضخم في الولايات المتحدة. وشمل هذا الفريق باحثين من كلية طب ويل كورنيل بنيويورك وجامعة القاهرة ومعهد السرطان بنيفادا وجامعة واشنطن وجامعة هارفارد.
وقد احتفت مجلة “نيتشر” العلمية الشهيرة عبر دوريتها الأقدم “مجلة السرطان الإنجليزية”بهذا الإنجاز وخصصت له عددا خاصا يسرد تفاصيله في يوم 19 يناير الجاري.
ووفق الدراسة المنشورة في “نيتشر”، فقد لاحظ كيرلس وفريقه البحثي أن جزءا من المادة الوراثية للأورام الخبيثة يجد طريقه من الورم إلى الأوعية الدموية في شكل مادة سائلة، وأصبح من السهل أن يتم إجراء تحليلات جينية على المادة الوراثية السائلة بالدم للمساعدة في فهم أفضل للتغيرات الجينية التي تحدث أثناء تطور المرض دون الحاجة لتعريض المريض إلى أخذ عينات متكررة من الورم والذي يتطلب إجراءات جراحية معقدة غير مناسبة لأغلب المرضى.
الفريق البحثي الذي يضم بين أعضائه أيضا المصري بيشوي فلتس، أجرى دراسة موسعة للإجابة على سؤال مهم لمرضى سرطان المثانة وهو هل يمكن استخدام المادة الوراثية السائلة للتنبؤ باستجابة الورم للعلاج وفهم أسباب مقاومة المرض للعلاج؟
كيرلس شهدي قال لموقع “سكاي نيوز عربية” إن فريقه البحثي، للإجابة عن هذا السؤال، قام بتحليل 182 عينة سائلة جُمعت من 53 مريضا مصابين بمراحل متقدمة من سرطان المثانة أثناء تلقيهم للعلاج على مدار خمس سنوات، وتم تحليل المادة الوراثية السائلة في تلك العينات باستخدام تكنولوجيا متقدمة، والتي تمكننا من معرفة الطفرات الجينية وكميتها في العينة.
وأضاف: “تُعد هذه الدراسة من أكبر الدراسات الإكلينيكية عن متابعة المادة الوراثية السائلة بالدم لدى مرضى سرطان المثانة”.
وتابع: “دائمًا ما يقف الطبيب عاجزا عن إخبار المريض وهو في مرحلة متقدمة إذا كان هناك نفع حقيقي من العلاج أم لا، اليوم نعطي الطبيب والمريض أملا جديدا ونقدم وسيلة استرشادية مهمة لخطة علاج أفضل”.
وتثبت الدراسة أن التقدير الكمي للمادة الوراثية السائلة معبر حقيقي عن حجم الورم ومدى عنفه، وأن المرضى الذين يحتوي دمهم على كميات عالية من المادة الوراثية للورم عرضة لتطور أعنف ومعدل أقل للبقاء على الحياة من نظرائهم ذوي الكميات المنخفضة.
وحسب شهدي، فإن الدراسة تثبت أن “التحليل الجيني للمادة الوراثية السائلة بالدم يتنبأ بالمرضى الذين سيستجيبون بشكل ممتد للعلاج، وأن التحليل الجيني يمكنه أن يتنبأ بتطور المرض على العلاج“.
وأوضحت الدراسة أن التغيير الكمي للمادة الوراثية السائلة يمكنه أن يتنبأ بفشل العلاج قبل أن يظهر باستخدام الأشعة المقطعية التقليدية بحوالي ثلاث أشهر، مما يعطي الطبيب وقتا وافرا لتغيير خطة العلاج، وفقا لكيرلس شهدي.
رسم يوضح كيفية التنبؤ بتطور السرطان وأسباب مقاومة العلاج
وأكد: “لا شك أن هذه الدراسة ستفتح الباب لتطبيقات علاجية عديدة والتي تعتمد على فهم تركيب الورم بشكل منفرد وشخصي، حيث يتم علاج كل مريض بخطة منفصلة تعتمد على خواص ورمه”.
تجدر الإشارة إلى أن الدكتور كيرلس شهدي، الذي حقق هذا الإنجاز الضخم، من مواليد إحدى قرى محافظة سوهاج بصعيد مصر، وتخرج من كلية طب جامعة القاهرة، وأكمل تدريبه في طب الأورام بجامعة القاهرة وحصل على منحة زمالة الجمعية الأميركية لعلاج الأورام لاستكمال أبحاثه عن سرطان المثانة في كلية طب ويل كورنيل بنيويورك. ومؤخرا انضم شهدي إلى مركز طب الأورام التجريبي بمعهد كريستي بالمملكة المتحدة ليقود برنامج العلاج المناعي المتقدم.
وسبق لشهدي أن حقق إنجازا كبيرا نهاية 2020 حينما توصل للتركيبة الوراثية للسرطان. ويؤكد الشاب المصري أنه مستمر في أبحاثه للتوصل إلى أفضل الطرق للقضاء على هذا المرض الذي يهدد البشرية، وتعاني منه معظم البيوت وخاصة في مصر.
المزيد عن : عينة الدم\أخبار منوعة\أخبار الصحة\أخبار مصر\أخبار عربية\السرطان
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